Racialized communities

In 2021, almost 10 million people from over 450 different ethnic backgrounds in Canada identified as part of a racialized community. This makes up over 25% of the population. There is not enough data to fully understand how cancer affects these communities in Canada, but international research suggests that cancer rates and outcomes vary among racialized communities compared to the general population.

People in racialized communities often face unfairness in healthcare and cancer care because of issues built into the healthcare system. This includes experiences with individual racism, systemic racism and structural racism. Not having access to information that’s culturally relevant makes it harder for people from racialized communities to understand their cancer diagnosis. They also have unmet needs related to cancer care, like emotional support, information and help with practical and financial challenges. All of these factors can lead to worse health outcomes. It's important to remember that within these communities, there are differences in income, job security, education, adapting to a new culture and trust in the healthcare system.

No one should face a cancer diagnosis alone or lack access to the information and care they need. But for people in racialized communities and their loved ones, there can be unique challenges and barriers that make a cancer experience more difficult than it needs to be. The Canadian Cancer Society (CCS) acknowledges its responsibility to provide cancer information, support and practical services to racialized communities, as well as advocate for healthy public policy and fund research focused on advancing health equity.

Who are racialized communities in Canada?

For CCS, racialized communities refers to people who have racial meanings attributed to them as a group in ways that negatively affect their social, political and economic lives. Race is a social construction that can change over time and place.

The term may include, but is not limited to, Black ethnicity including African or Caribbean ancestry, South Asian, Chinese, Arab/West Asian, Southeast Asian, Filipino, Latin American, African, Caribbean, Korean, Japanese and Pacific Islander.

For our work, and for the work of many organizations in Canada, this population does not include Indigenous peoples.

CCS has released Advancing Health Equity Through Cancer Information and Support Services: Report on communities that are underserved. The report describes the gaps, barriers and challenges faced by 10 identified underserved communities, including racialized communities. It offers insight on how to better engage with and improve supports for these communities who, like all people in Canada, deserve access to cancer care.

Our programs and services

All CCS staff are offered diversity, inclusion, belonging and equity training. This training helps us ensure that our physical spaces like lodges, camps and vehicles, as well as our services over the phone, chat and email, are safe, welcoming and inclusive.

Our cancer information, support and practical programs are for everyone in Canada, but here are ways that they support racialized communities in particular.
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Cancer information

Understanding cancer can help ease the anxiety of a diagnosis. Find information on more than 100 cancer types, covering the entire cancer experience. Our information about cancer is available in English and French and some publications are available in Chinese. Explore our wide range of resources in formats like publications, videos and webinars.
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Community Services Locator

Our Community Services Locator helps people with cancer and their loved ones find services and programs like support groups, wigs and prosthesis, financial help, places to stay and more. Use search terms to connect with resources and services for racialized communities.
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Cancer Information Helpline

The Cancer Information Helpline provides information, support and helpful resources to people with cancer and their families and friends. Our information specialists receive training on the experiences of racialized communities in healthcare and cancer care. They can answer questions and suggest resources with an understanding of the unique challenges.
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Wheels of Hope

If you need to travel across town or across the province to receive cancer treatment, the Wheels of Hope team can help. Wheels of Hope drivers and staff are committed to providing a safe environment where every person is treated with dignity and respect.
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Accommodations

The lodge environment can help you develop a new support network and forge life-long friendships. Lodge teams have access to translation services and local community support programs that actively work with diverse communities. Lodge staff also attend diversity, inclusion, belonging and equity training workshops which help us understand how to create a safe and welcoming atmosphere.
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Online cancer support community

CancerConnection.ca is a safe online community that provides meaningful connection, information and peer support to people with cancer and their families and friends. People from racialized communities can feel safe sharing their racial and ethnic identity, meet others with the same ethnic identity and benefit from a shared experience.

Personality

When Nadia was diagnosed with cancer, she decided to throw a scarf-making and hair-cutting party with her closest supporters. Twenty-four inches of dreadlocks fell to the floor as her husband, daughter and friends took turns cutting her hair piece by piece. Cancer took many things, but it could not take Nadia’s personality or smile.

 

[Music starts]

Nadia’s voice: Twenty-four inches of dreadlocks. It took me 7 years of tender care to grow them. Each lock was its own story. Each lock was entwined and entangled with trips abroad, exotic foods, hopes, dreams, aspirations, fears, love, hurt, pain and joy. One January night, while it was freezing outside, my husband, daughter and a handful of friends stood around me with my head bowed. My husband was strong. Then he stepped away. He needed a moment.

He was about to do something he'd done so many times, but this time was different. His hobby was cutting hair. He had a barber chair and cut hair most weekends just for fun. There was no fun in this moment. He took the first cut. He then handed the scissors to someone else, who took a snip. And on and on it went, each person silently approaching and taking with them a long lock of my hair.

Contrary to convention, when I had heard that multiple cancerous tumours had been found in my breast, I cried my tears and then I had to make a decision. Cancer would take my time, my money, my hair, my breast and my energy. Cancer would not take my personality. Cancer would not take my smile. What would I do? I would totally have a party, and so I did. 10 friends joined us for a scarf-making and hair-cutting party. We tie-dyed scarves for me to wear during treatment. It was great to see all the creativity displayed. We were having so much fun, we had forgotten the reason why we were making scarves in the first place.

Then the time had come to say goodbye to my hair. Instead of sitting home alone in fear of the future, I opened up the most vulnerable moment of my life to close friends and family. That circle of support turned the depressing idea of losing my hair into a symbolic moment of hope and power. One after the other, my locks fell to the floor. My 5-year-old picked them up and made an impromptu wig on her own head. We all erupted with laughter. The scarves my friends had made for me made me feel fashionable and pretty. I even named the scarves as though they were high fashion pieces of art that could be admired on a runway.

My hair continued to fall out in the shower. I thought it would have been depressing, but it was actually quite hilarious. Apparently, my scalp looks like Quark, the Ferengi on Star Trek. I had never seen my scalp before. My new scalp had to be adorned. I found out about henna crowns and was fortunate to find someone who was willing to decorate my oddly-shaped scalp with henna. Although it was still winter, I showed it off to whomever, whenever, and wherever possible. I could show off my henna tattoo without having to explain why I no longer had dreadlocks down my back.

Now my henna head is my profile picture on the Cancer Connection Forum. It's great to share with others and to find others who also find humour in some of the weird things that happen to our bodies during cancer treatment. The forum gives me an opportunity to get out of my own head and put thoughts into words. The best thing about the Canadian Cancer Society Cancer Connection Forum is being able to encourage others and share some light and funny posts in the midst of the difficult times. Now my hair is growing again, and I will keep it short for a while because cancer took my hair, but it didn't take my personality.

Support to make healthy behaviour change

BETTER Women helps women take control of their health to prevent chronic disease, including cancer. The program is offered to South Asian women in partnership with the Summerville Family Health Team in Ontario. South Asian peer health coaches are trained to help people reach and maintain their health and cancer screening goals.
Memo Mamo - Dépistage du cancer du sein - Comment passer une mammographie - Ambassadrices

Memo-mamo campaign 

Memo-mamo is an annual campaign held in Quebec to promote early detection of breast cancer. It aims to raise awareness of the importance of getting a mammogram for women aged 50 to 69. The campaign helps women from ethnocultural communities navigate the Quebec healthcare system.
Memo Mamo - Dépistage du cancer du sein - Comment passer une mammographie - Ambassadrices
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Black men (including men of African or Caribbean ancestry) are at a higher risk for developing prostate cancer and are disproportionately impacted by the disease. That’s why Black men need to be mindful about prostate cancer. With help from our advisory council to improve prostate cancer outcomes in Black communities, we launched a campaign to help Black men understand their risk of prostate cancer and how to take action to find it early.
To learn more about other communities that are underserved, explore our health equity work.