What happens when you have a mammogram?

Mammography pictures (mammograms) show detailed images and views of the breast taken from different angles. Mammograms are done in a clinic or screening centre by a radiology technologist who will position your breast on a special x-ray machine. In most cases, you will have a female technologist perform your mammogram. You have the right to request a female technologist when you go for your mammogram.

When you have a mammogram, the breast is placed between 2 plastic plates. The plates are then pressed together to flatten the breast. This may be uncomfortable, but it lasts only a few seconds. Compressing the breast tissue helps make the images clearer while using as little radiation as possible.

There are 2 kinds of mammograms. A screening mammogram is done when there are no signs of breast cancer. A diagnostic mammogram helps make a diagnosis when there are signs of breast cancer.

After a mammogram, you may be called back for further testing. It’s normal to be worried and stressed about this, but there can be many reasons why you might need further testing. In most cases, further testing confirms there is no breast cancer.

Further tests often include one or more diagnostic procedures. There is usually a second mammogram (diagnostic mammogram). An ultrasound is offered about half the time. Sometimes a biopsy is needed (where a tissue sample is taken for testing).

Your healthcare provider will explain which test or procedure you’re having and why.